Use of ozone in water 

It is a highly effective technology for sterilization and water treatment. Ozone (O₃) is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms and has strong oxidizing properties. It can effectively eliminate pathogens, organic substances, and unpleasant odors in water.

The principle of ozone working in water

• Ozone will react with microorganisms, organic substances, or chemicals in water.
• Can destroy the DNA and proteins of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, making them unable to reproduce or survive.
• When ozone completes its reaction, it decomposes back into oxygen (O₂), which is not harmful to the environment.

Advantages of Using Ozone in Water

1. High efficiency in killing germs
   • Ozone can eliminate various types of pathogens, such as
     • Bacteria (E. coli, Salmonella)
     • Virus (Norovirus, Hepatitis A virus)
     • Protozoa (Cryptosporidium, Giardia)
2. No harmful residues
   • Ozone decomposes into oxygen after use, so there are no chemical residues in the water.
3. Helps remove organic and chemical substances in water
   • Reduce undesirable odors, colors, and tastes, such as musty smells in water.
   • Helps eliminate organic substances that cause pollution, such as pesticides or phenolic compounds.
4. Add oxygen to water
   • After ozone decomposition, the amount of oxygen in the water will increase, which helps improve water quality.
5. No need to use other chemicals
   • Unlike chlorine or other chemicals that may have side effects

Limitations of Using Ozone in Water

1. High expenses
   • The ozone production system requires special equipment, such as an ozone generator and a control system.
   • The installation and maintenance costs are higher than other technologies.
2. No protective effect against contamination after disinfection
   • Unlike chlorine, which has residual substances that help prevent contamination, ozone has no protective effect after disinfection.
3. Rapid decomposition
   • Ozone has a very short lifespan in water (about 15–30 minutes), so it must be produced and used immediately.
4. Need to use electrical energy
   • The ozone production system requires electricity to operate, so it may not be suitable for areas with energy constraints.
5. Need a suitable system design
   • Using ozone in appropriate amounts is important. If used in excessive amounts, it may cause health problems.

Usage of Ozone in Water

1. Drinking Water Production System
   • Used to disinfect and eliminate odors or tastes in drinking water
   • Commonly used in bottled water production plants
2. wastewater treatment
   • Used in the wastewater treatment process to reduce the amount of organic matter, chemicals, and pathogens.
3. Swimming Pool and Spa
   • Use ozone to help disinfect in conjunction with other water filtration systems
4. Food and Beverage Industry
   • Used to wash vegetables, fruits, or to clean tools in the production process
5. Aquaculture
   • Used to improve water quality in aquaculture ponds, such as for shrimp, fish, or shellfish.
6. Medicine and hospitals
   • Used to disinfect water for cleaning medical equipment

Summary

The use of ozone in water is an effective method for disinfecting and treating water. It is suitable for systems that require high water quality and have no chemical residues. However, considerations regarding costs and the design of an appropriate system should be taken into account to maximize the benefits of this technology.